Third Battle of Winchester. The Confederates took many Union prisoners and captured so many wagons and stores that they later nicknamed the Union g… LC Civil War Maps (2nd ed. In 1857 he ran successfully for governor of Massachusetts, serving two terms. Jackson’s victory disrupted Union Gen. George B. McClellan’s plans to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond. Across the Valley Pike to the west, Confederate and Union batteries exchanged fire, the Southern artillery receiving heavy infantry fire. Although Confederate forces assailed the withdrawing Federals along the Valley Pike, smashing into the Union column at Newtown and Middletown, most of the Union troops escaped and reached Winchester…with Jackson in close pursuit. The confidence his men had in him was reassuring, but Banks still faced a difficult situation on the morning of May 25, 1862. 1862 May 28: First Battle of Winchester. By the late 1880’s, however, his health started to deteriorate, and in 1890, he retired, dying on September 1, 1894. First Battle of Winchester – May 25 After Jackson’s victory at Front Royal, Union Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks moved from Strasburg north to Winchester. First Battle of Winchester (May 25)- Jackson's Army soundly defeats Union forces in Winchester. Major General George B. McClellan was massing his army for his Peninsula Campaign with the goal of capturing the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia and ending the war. To do this, he called on General Richard Taylor’s Louisiana brigade. The last of Jackson’s forces, the famed “Stonewall Brigade,” passed through Strasburg, just ahead of the Federals, on June 1. He ordered a hasty retreat down the Valley Pike from Strasburg. First Battle of Winchester Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Foundation After Union General Nathaniel Banks’s retreat north from Strasburg, Virginia on May 24, 1862, he arrayed his force of perhaps no more than 5,000 south of Winchester. Rose Hill's historic landscape is now open as Rose Hill Park (See the Press Release). The First Battle of Winchester was fought around Winchester and Frederick counties of Virginia on 25 th of May 1862. Jackson’s loss during that time amounted to 68 killed and 329 wounded. Perhaps his lack of military experience would catch up with him, however, or maybe it was the ill feeling the professional soldiers had for a politician turned general. Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Foundation. One of his brigade commanders, Brigadier-General Alpheus Williams, considered Banks “…an officer of excellent judgement and good sense, but not familiar with military routine or etiquette.”, Following the May 25, 1862 Battle of First Winchester, one member of the 3rd Wisconsin wrote that, “…the retreat was said to be the best ever made during this campaign. In December of 1862, Banks took command of the Department of the Gulf. The First Battle of Winchester: May 25, 1862. Two days earlier Jackson had suddenly appeared on the far side of Masanutton Mountain and overrun the Union outpost at Front Royal. As Taylor marched his brigade into position for its attack on the western flank of Bowers Hill, Federal artillery opened up on it. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Around 7:30 a.m. a flank attack led by Gen. Richard Taylor’s Louisiana Brigade dislodged Banks’ defenders. Banks and 6,000 Federals. Banks was basically a self-taught man, and after becoming interested in politics, would be elected to the state legislature, eventually being elected Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1850. Union casualties for the three day period, May 23 – 25, 1862, came to 71 killed, 243 wounded, and 1,714 captured or missing, for a total of 2,028. Located at the north end of the lower Shenandoah Valley at a latitude north of the Federal capital city of Washington, D.C., Winchester's location was the hub of key roadways linking the Ohio Valley to the eastern United States coastal plains. Thus any retreat through the town’s streets would potentially be restricted. They came on abandoned wagons from Banks’s supply train. Attempting to tie down the Union forces in the Valley, under the overall command of Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks, Jackson … After Union General Nathaniel Banks’s retreat north from Strasburg, Virginia on May 24, 1862, he arrayed his force of perhaps no more than 5,000 south of Winchester. All confidence is now placed in our noble commander, General Banks. Facts, information and articles about the Battle Of Winchester, a Civil War Battle of the American Civil War. Regarding First Battle of Winchester. May 30, 2012. tags: American Civil War, Battle of Winchester (First), Bradley T. Johnson, Hudson North Star, John R. Kenly, Joseph M. Knapp, Turner Ashby. “This charge of Taylor’s was the grandest I saw during the war.” – Confederate Sgt. No more than two days before, he had constructed a surprise attack against the Union Army at Front Royal, Virginia. Taylor stopped the column, yelling: “What the hell are you dodging for? Banks reached Martinsburg, Virginia, now West Virginia, by early afternoon, May 25th, the rest of his troops by about 5 p.m. That evening they crossed the Potomac River back into Maryland. He besieged Port Hudson, a Confederate stronghold along the Mississippi River, in May 1863, seeing it fall the second week of July that year, but that was primarily because Vicksburg had surrendered a few days before. Taylor’s men quickly broke the Union line, Federal resistance collapsed, and the retreat through Winchester began. The fortunes of Winchester through much of the Middle Ages derived from the woollen industry, as locally produced wool was first cleaned, woven, dyed, fashioned into cloth and then sold on. "Stonewall" Jackson's Campaign through … Jackson had also retaken Winchester, and put the fear of God into the Federal authorities in Washington, D.C. How would they react now? Militarily, he enjoyed less success. Whatever it was, Banks would fall out of favor in 1864. By doing so, Lincoln inadvertently fulfilled the rebels’ goal of drawing Union forces away from the campaign against Richmond – forces that might have helped Federals capture the capital. His columns were attacked at Middletown and again at Newtown (Stephens City) by Jackson's converging forces. In danger of being cut off, Banks abandoned Strasburg and conducted a hurried retreat northward to Winchester on May 24. This marker replaces a previous A-11 also titled “First Battle of Winchester,” which simply read, “The main body of Stonewall Jackson’s army halted here to rest in the early morning of May 25, 1862.” Also see... First Battle of Winchester. Next, his men were exhausted; for example, two regiments that had been part of the rearguard, the 2nd Massachusetts and 27th Indiana, had marched upwards of thirty miles on May 24th. The Confederate guns unlimbered, and around 9 a.m., open fired – the first shots of the Battle of Kernstown. Taylor got his men into position, formed them into a battle line, then led them forward. His predecessor, General Ben Butler, had been too lax while in command, and Banks had much to clean up from Butler’s tenure there. As Gen. James Shields closed in from the east and Gen. John C. Frémont from the west, Jackson withdrew south, narrowly escaping the trap. Although defeated, as Jackson later admitted, Banks’s force “preserved their organization remarkably well.” The problem arose when the town’s civilians – mostly women – got into the act. “My God, men, don’t you love your country?” he apparently asked. Jackson’s men pursued as far north as Stephenson’s Depot, but with insufficient cavalry and a war-weary army – slowed by throngs of civilians in the streets welcoming Jackson and his men as liberators – Banks was able to escape. John H. Worsham, 21st Virginia. In March 1862, Federal forces took occupation of Winchester. The First Battle of Winchester occurred on May 25, 1862. “I do not remember having ever seen such rejoicing….the people seemed nearly frantic with joy…Our entrance into Winchester was one of the most stirring scenes of my life.”  – Stonewall Jackson, Banks lost nearly a third of his force. Second Battle of Kernstown (July 24)-Union Army badly defeated by Gen. Jubal Early. The first Confederate attack occurred against the Union left flank atop Camp Hill. Gen. James Shields. Other Confederate efforts against the Federals southeast of the town were equally unsuccessful at that time. Some Louisianans were hit, and others ducked. By coincidence, Memorial Day this year falls on May 25, the 158th anniversary of the First Battle of Winchester. Battle field of Winchester, Va. (Opequon) [September 19, 1864] Scale ca. The Second Battle of Winchester was fought between June 13 and June 15, 1863 in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia as part of the Gettysburg Campaign during the American Civil War.As Confederate Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell moved down the Shenandoah Valley in the direction of Pennsylvania, his corps defeated the Union Army garrison commanded by … Union General William T. Sherman called it “one damn blunder from beginning to end,” which pretty much sums up that entire operation. Not only was he greatly outnumbered, as Confederate General “Stonewall” Jackson could count on probably close to 16,000 soldiers, but the town of Winchester also lay directly in the Union rear. The First Battle of Winchester, fought on May 25, 1862, in and around Frederick County, Virginia, and Winchester, Virginia, was a major victory in Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. After combating with Major General Nathaniel Banks’ receding army at Newtown and Middletown on 24th of May, the division of Major General T. J. Jackson continued to tread north towards Winchester. The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, the opening battle of Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Despite being defeated at both Front Royal and First Winchester, Banks was well-respected by his troops. ), 670 Detailed map of Winchester and vicinity showing Union positions in blue and Confederate positions in red, troop movements, names of commanders, roads, railroads, street plan of Winchester, drainage, vegetation, houses, fences, names of residents, and relief by … "Stonewall" Jackson's Campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. At first light on May 25 picket fire opened the battle. Jackson then continued south, with Fremont and Shields in pursuit. Outcome: Elected to the U.S. Congress several years later, Banks was elected Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives in 1856, quite an honor for a man who never went to college. Defending Winchester were 8,500 Federals under Brig. At the beginning of 1862, President Abraham Lincoln wanted his generals to attack in force against the Confederacy. Winchester The First Battle of Winchester on May 25, 1862 was part of “Stonewall” Jackson’s Valley Campaign. Nathaniel Prentiss Banks was born on January 30, 1816 in Waltham, Massachusetts. "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War.. Briefly considered for a cabinet position in the Lincoln administration, Banks was instead appointed major-general on May 16, 1861, so he out-ranked many of the professional soldiers. The First Battle of Winchester, fought on May 25, 1862, in and around Frederick County, Virginia, and Winchester, Virginia, was a major victory in Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Confederate Victory, The Execution of George Summers and Isaac Koontz: A Post-War Tragedy. Despite what some historians contend, Banks was actually well respected by his troops. The first battle of Winchester--The charge on the stonewall Contributor Names Forbes, Edwin, 1839-1895, artist Created / Published 1862 March 23. Sitting just south of the Potomac River, Winch… What Jackson needed was his cavalry, but they were nowhere to be found. To do this McClellan had to weaken his forces protecting Washington, D.C.. The Third Battle of Winchester was fought on September 19, 1864, when Union General Philip Sheridan’s Army of the Shenandoah struck toward Winchester and the flank of Confederate General Jubal Early’s scattered Army of the Valley. South of Winchester, near the small hamlet of Kernstown, Federal outposts watched as Ashby’s 7th Virginia Cavalry approached again, accompanied by an artillery battery and four companies of the 2nd Virginia Infantry. What sealed his fate, however, was the ill-fated Red River Campaign of April 1864. “Oh, that my cavalry was in place.”. As a result of this failed campaign, Banks was replaced later that year by General Edward Canby, and although Banks remained in Louisiana for a while, there to help with the reconstruction of the state, he soon departed, resigning from the army in May 1865. Tempers were high and bloodshed was higher when Stonewall Jackson’s troops took the city back in a bloody battle two months later. Soldiers were quartered in almost every building. “Never was there such a chance for cavalry,” he later lamented. At one point Banks appealed to some of his men to rally and make a stand. The First Battle of Winchester, fought on May 25, 1862, in and around Frederick County, Virginia, and Winchester, Virginia, was a major victory in Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. “He managed the retreat nobly,” a New York correspondent reported, “and has inspired new faith in the soldiers for him.” And another member of Banks’s command felt that, “…the men have unbounded confidence in our noble general.”. The Hudson North Star ‘s editors lead off with a brief summary of the war contents of this week’s newspaper. The Confederates had also captured over 9,300 stands of small arms, half a million rounds of ammunition, 34,000 pounds of commissary stores, and lots of quartermaster supplies. For US casualties in the battle, almost all books and websites I have seen report All now look upon him as the right man for the right place.” Others echoed this same sentiment. This First Battle of Winchester was part of Stonewall Jackson’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign, which served to distract Union troops from reinforcing George B. McClellan outside Richmond.

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